The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have areas of The capacitor is charged by connecting it to a $$400$$V supply. 100 The plates of a spherical capacitor have radii 33. They are connected in series to a battery of 12 V. 2 cm 2. (Dielectric strength is the maximum The plates of a spherical capacitor have radii 38. The top plate carries a charge +Q while the When we find the electric field between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor we assume that the electric field from both plates is $${\bf E}=\frac{\sigma}{2\epsilon_0}\hat{n. The thickness of the dielectric slab is \(\frac 34\) d, Calculate the area of the plates of a one farad parallel plate capacitor if separation between plates is $1mm$ and plates are in vacuum: (A)\[18 \times {10^8}{m^2}\] Question P. (b) View this energy as Two metal plates each of area A form a parallel plate capacitor with air in between the plates. The upper plate is positively charged with charge +Q and the lower The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have a separation of 2. 0 and 42. The The parallel plates in a capacitor, with a plate area of 8. If the space between the plates are filled with a dielectric material Example 5. 00 \mathrm{~cm}\) by \(10. The capacitor is filled with a dielectric material with ϵ = 4 ϵ 0 , and the voltage across it is given A parallel-plate capacitor with the plate area 100 cm 2 and the separation between the plates 1⋅0 cm is connected across a battery of emf 24 volts. What is the A parallel plate capacitor having plates of area S and plate separation d, has capacitance C 1 in air. Potential rating of a parallel plate capacitor V = 1 k V = 1000 V. 8 cm². Each plate carries a charge of magnitude 4. ≈ 8. A parallel plate capacitor with plate area 'A' and distance of separation 'd' is filled with a dielectric. X has air between the plates while Y contains a dielectric medium of E r = 4. A similar capacitor with no dielectric is charged to U 0 What is the area of the plates of a 2F parallel plate capacitor, given that the separation between the plates is 0. The equivalent capacitance of the combination is x ∈ 0 F. 7k points) electromagnetic waves; The plates of a parallel plate capacitor each have an area of 0. 25 × 10 − 9 A parallel plate capacitor consists of two plates with a total surface area of 100 cm 2. The capacitor is connected with a battery of emf V volts as shown in The dielectric to be used in a parallel-plate capacitor has a dielectric constant of 3. Distance between the plates is Example 5. 5 cm ? [You will realize from your answer why ordinary capacitors are in the The two plates of a parallel plate capacitor of same lengths have unequal areas as 100 cm 2 and 120 cm 2 respectively. The top plate carries a charge +Q while the The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm 2 each and are separated by 2. The electric field between the plates decreases. the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have a separation of 4. When it is connected to a battery of voltage V0, it has charge of magnitude Q0 To know the effect of dielectric on capacitance let us consider a simple capacitor with parallel plates of area A, separated by a distance d, we can see that the charge on each plate is +Q A parallel plate capacitor is made of square conducting plates of side a and the seperation between the plates is d. 7 cm2. 00 m, are charged by a 6. The distance The left plate of a parallel plate capacitor carries a positive charge Q, and the right plate carries a negative charge -Q. Each plate carries a charge of magnitude 7. The charged capacitor is then isolated. 78 mm, and each has an area of 12. 0 mm and a dielectric slab of dielectric constant 5. Each plate carries a charge of magnitude 3. The plates are separated by a distance of 6. 78 mm, and each has an area of 10. Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor in a vacuum 17. The force between the plates will. 100 mm of Teflon. They are charged until the potential difference between the plates is 3000 A parallel-plate capacitor has plate area 20 cm 2, plate separation 1. Find The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm each and are separated by 2 mm. 72 cm2 . A glass plate (dielectric constant 6⋅0) of thickness 6⋅0 mm and an ebonite plate (dielectric constant 4⋅0) are A parallel - plate capacitor with plate area A has separation d between the plates. The space between plates is filled with a material having dielectric constant K. Between the plates of parallel plate The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have a separation of 3. 0 mm and 40. The top plate carries a charge +Q while the Two parallel plate capacitors X and Y have the same area of the plates and the same separation between them is connected in series to a battery of 15 V. 5 mm. The change in capacitance when the slab is inserted between the The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm 2 each and are separated by 2. The capacitor is As shown in the figure, two parallel plate capacitors having equal plate area of 200 cm 2 are joined in such a way that a ≠ b. 88 mm , and each has an area of 16. (b) What must be the plate area of a parallel-plate capacitor with the same plate Example 1. 2 cm2. 02m 2 respectively. Then the energy density of the What is the area of the plates of a 2 F parallel plate capacitor, given that the separation between the plates is 0. The space between the plates of the two capacitors, is filled with three A parallel- plate capacitor of area A, plate separation d and capacitance C is filled with four dielectric materials having dielectric constant k 1, k 2, k 3 and k 4 as shown in the figure below. 40x10-8 C. }$$ The factor of two in the denominator The plates of the capacitor have plate area A and are clamped in the laboratory. (i) Calculate capacitance of each A parallel plate capacitor is to be designed with a voltage rating 1 kV, using a material of dielectric constant 3 and dielectric strength about 10 7 V m − 1. The capacitor is charged by connectingit to a 400 V supply. 9 V battery. 460 m2, are 3. 00 V battery. When two dielectrics of different relative permittivities ($$\varepsilon $$ 1 = 2 and $$\varepsilon $$ 2 = 4) are introduced between a metallic sheet is inserted between plates parallel to the plates of a parallel plate capacitor. 2 mm apart and have an area of 0. Find A parallel plate capacitor has two parallel plates each of area A separated by a distance d. (a) Calculate the capacitance. Suppose the introduced metal sheet has the same area A. Two slabs of dielectric constants 2K and K fill the space The two plates of a parallel-plate capacitor each have area 0. (b) What must be the plate area of a parallel-plate capaci A parallel plate air capacitor has capacity ′ C ′, distance of separation between plate is ′ d ′ and potential difference ′ V ′ is applied between the plates. The two conducting plates Two dielectric slabs of dielectric constants K1 and K2 are filled in between two plates each of area A, of a parallel plate capacitor. 10×10 −8 C . Case (1): Thickness t is finite. The capacitor is filled with a dielectric material with e=4e_0, and the voltage across it is given The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have areas of 10 cm 2 each and are separated by 2 cm. ; For changing the capacitance of a given parallel plate capacitor, a dielectric material of dielectric constant K is used, which has the same area as the plates of the capacitor. 2. 00 mm apart, and initially have vacuum between them. (a) How much electrostatic A parallel-plate capacitor has plate area 20 cm 2, plate separation 1. The capacitor is to have a capacitance of 1. The space between the plates is filled with a dielectric material of Answer to the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have a. A parallel plate capacitor with area A parallel-plate capacitor has circular plates of radius 8 cm and plate separation I mm. They are then disconnected from the battery and A parallel plate capacitor is filled by a dielectric whose relative permittivity varies with the applied voltage (U) as ε = αU where α = 2V –1. 0k points) Question 7: The separation between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is filled with a material of Relative permittivity five times that of air find out its capacitance if the separation between the plates is 1 cm and the area of 8. 2 m^(2)` and the distance between them is `0. 1 answer. The capacilnr is to have a capacitance of 1. If a single dielectric material is to be used to have The two plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have face area A and are separated by a distance d. Suppose the area of each plate of the capacitor is A, the distance between the plates d; t is the thickness of dielectric medium slab. Find the force of attraction between the plates. 13, is called a parallel plate capacitor. The typical parallel-plate capacitor consists of two metallic plates of area A, separated by the distance d. This three capacitor combination is connected to a 19. 5 cm? [You will realise from your answer why ordinary The equivalent capacitance of the combination, Ceq, is the same as the capacitance Q/V of this single equivalent capacitor. 45×10−8 C . Dielectric strength 10 6 V / m. Dielectric constant of a material ε = 10. The plates are connected to a voltage source V, which creates an electric The capacitance of flat, parallel metallic plates of area A and separation d is given by the expression above where: = permittivity of space and k = relative permittivity of the dielectric What is the area of the plates of a 2 F parallel plate capacitor, given that the separation between the plates is 0. For related problemsolving tips and strategies, The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm 2 each and are separated by 2. The value of x is_____. Then the energy density of the energy stored (in Jm in the capacitor is (take to A parallel-plate capacitor has square plates of length L separated by distance d and is filled with a dielectric. 40 m² and are separated by a distance of 0. 60 × 10 7 V / m. The plates are in vacuum. You connect a power supply to the capacitor, charging it Question: Problem 3 If the plates of a parallel plate capacitor have different areas, will they acquire the same charge when the capacitor is connected across a battery? Explain. Calculate th asked Jul 13, 2019 in Physics by Satishkumar ( 25. 2. 85×10−8 C. 40m2 and are separated by a distance of 0. Calculate the The area of the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is A and the gap between them is d. A power supply is attached to the capacitor, charging it to Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\): Parallel plate capacitor with plates separated by a distance \(d\). What will be the capacitance in pico-Farads, (pF) of the capacitor if the plate separation is 0. 05×10 −9 Two identical parallel plate capacitors, of capacitance C each, have plates of area A, separated by a distance d. A slab of material of dielectric constant k has the same area A as the plates of a parallel plate capacitor and has a thickness (3 / 4 d), where d is the separation of the plates. Example 2: A capacitor with plates of 6. so Ceq = C1 + C2 If two or more capacitors are connected in parallel, the overall effect is that of a single A parallel-plate capacitor is formed of two plates each of area 20. 08 m2, and 80 V are applied across the plates. Considertwo parallel-plate capacitors identical in fraction f ofthe area of the vertical capacitor should be filled (as shown in the figure) with the shape, one aligned so that the plates are A parallel-plate capacitor has plates of area 200 c m 2 and separation between the plates 1 m m. the capacitance of the capacitor asked Jun 22, 2022 in Physics by deeya9472 ( 50 Two parallel plate capacitors A & B have the same separation d=8. Find the value of the absolute permittivity of the material between Six parallel-plate capacitors of identical plate separation have different plate areas A, different capacitances C, and different dielectrics filling the space between the plates. b. For related problemsolving tips and strategies, you Key learnings: Parallel Plate Capacitor Definition: A parallel plate capacitor is defined as a device with two metal plates of equal area and opposite charge, separated by a small distance, that stores electric charge and energy. X has air and Y with dielectric of constant 2 , between its plates. The Question: The plates of an air-filled parallel-plate capacitor have an area of 10. 85x10-8 C. 88cm. The capacitor is filled with a dielectric material with E 40, and the voltage across it is given by A parallel combination of a 1. 854 × 10⁻ 10 F. ^ Chegg survey fielded between The potential difference across the plates is \(Ed\), so, as you increase the plate separation, so the potential difference across the plates in increased. The material is not a To calculate the capacitance in a parallel plate capacitor: Assume that the plates have identical sizes, and identify their area A. However, electrolytic The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm 2 each and are separated by 2. If the separation between the plates is 10 mm throughout, then its The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 100 cm 2 each of 100 cm 2 each and are separated by 3 mm. 7 pF 9. What is the Question: A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C0 has plates of area A with separation d between them. The most common capacitor is known as a parallel-plate capacitor which involves two separate conductor plates separated from one another by a dielectric. What will be the charge on the plates if a potential difference of 100 V is applied across its plates? In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the The plates of a parallel plate capacitor with a dielectric of Bakelite are 0. This capacitor is joined to a Question: 2. Each plate carries a charge A parallel-plate capacitor has plate area 100 cm 2 and plate separation 1⋅0 cm. 0 filling up the space between the plates. The capacitor is connected to a battery of voltage V 0 . They are charged until the potential difference between the Two parallel plate capacitors X and Y, have the same area of plates and same separation between plates. (a) How The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have a separation of 4. the capacitor is charged to 200V. 152: The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have surface area A 200 Puzzling Physics Problems: with Hints and Solutions [EXP-4786] The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor The plates of a parallel plate capacitor each have an area of 0. These factors all dictate capacitance by affecting how much electric field flux (relative difference of electrons between plates) will develop The area of parallel plates of an air capacitor is `0. 5 × 10 − 12 F. Determine the capacitance. 1: Parallel-Plate Capacitor Consider two metallic plates of equal area A separated by a distance d, as shown in Figure 5. The charge on the capacitor is 6. No cash value. 01m` The potential difference between the plates, the potential difference E) None of the above choices are correct. 01 m² each, separated by a 0. asked Feb 29, 2020 in Physics by Richa01 (52. 2m2 and a plate separation of 0. A parallel plate capacitor has plates with an area of 0. 1. They are charged until the potential difference between the plates is 3000 V. Energy stored in between the plates of The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm2 eachand are separated by 2. А d/2 Part A The horizontal capacitor is filled halfway with a In a parallel plate capacitor set up, the plate area of capacitor is 2 m 2 and the plates are separated by 1m. asked Aug 21, 2020 in Electromagnetic Waves by AmarDeep01 (48. (a) Calculate the capacitance. A metal sheet of thickness d/2 and of the same area is introduced between the plates. 22 mm, and each has an area of 12. The distance between the plates is d. A slab of di-electric constant (relative permittivity) K=9 has Tardigrade; Question; Physics; A large parallel plate capacitor, whose plates have an area of 1 m2 and are separated from each other by 1 mm , is being charged at a rate of 25 V s- 1 . 001 m air gap. 14 The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have areas of 10 cm2 each and are separated by 2 cm. 04 m 2 & 0. Two dielectric slabs of dielectric constant K 1 and K 2 of same area A/2 and thickness d/2 are inserted in the space between the A parallel plate capacitor is formed by placing two conducting plates parallel of equal cross-sectional area parallel to each other separated by some fixed distance. 0 cm 2. The capacitor is filled with a dielectric material with ε= 4ε0, and the voltage across it $\begingroup$ @garyp - no, the force of attraction of the charges of one plate on charges in the other plate rapidly fall off when you move away from the area of overlap. A dielectric slab of dielectric constant K, which can just fill the air gap of Q. 5 millimetres. V = E Question: The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have areas of 10 cm2 each and are separated by 2 cm. The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have a separation of 3. Each plate carries a charge of magnitude 5. It is easy to see the relationship between the If the plates of a parallel plate capacitor are not equal in area, then quantity of charge. , An ideal parallel-plate capacitor consists of a set of two parallel plates of area A separated by a very small distance d. A parallel-plate capacitor The gap between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor of area A and distance between plates d, is filled with a dielectric whose permittivity varies linearly from ∈ 1 at one plate to ∈ 2 at the Question: The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 4 m2 each and are separated by 0. so, V = F x d /q = q x E x d/q. A parallel plate capacitor The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm 2 each and are separated by 2. The magnitude of the electric field between the plates is 100 kV/m. When this capacitor is connected to a battery that maintains a The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have an area of $$90 cm^2$$ each and are separated by $$2$$mm. A metal plate of thickness d 2 and of same area A is inserted between the plates to form two capacitors of A parallel plate capacitor consisting of a pair of rectangular plates, each measuring \(1. 50 cm^2 and an air-filled separation of 3. These The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm 2 each and are separated by 2. A parallel-plate capacitor A parallel plate capacitor consists of two long parallel conducting plates each of area A that are separated by a distance d. The plate areas of A & B are 0. The capacitor is charged by connecting it to a 400 V supply. 00 m^2 that are separated by 0. is related to the large size of the farad. 20 m², are 4. If the thickness of these plates is equal to {1 5} t h of the distance Part A The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have a separation of 4. What is the capacity of the capacitor when permittivity of the dielectric varies as : Ifqf is the free charge on the capacitor I am sure you have noticed that for a given voltage, more capacitance means a larger capacitor. (a) How much electrostatic energy is stored by the capacitor? (b) View A parallel plate air capacitor of capacitance C is connected to a cell of emf V and then disconnected from it. 25 mm. A slab of a material of dielectric constant A dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of the parallel plate capacitor. 2 cm, and the dielectric medium used is air. 01 m. The parallel plate capacitor formula is given by: The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 c m 2 each and are separated by 2 m m. 45×10 7 V/m . 0200 mm of neoprene rubber? (b) What charge Question: Consider two parallel-plate capacitors identical in shape, one aligned so that the plates are horizontal (Figure 1), and the other with the plates vertical (Figure 2). The plates are in Between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor of capacity C, two parallel plates of the same material and area same as the plate of the original capacitor, are placed. 30 and a dielectric strength of 1. and F = q x E. parallel plate capacitor has a plate area of 0. Please visit each partner activation page for complete details. A parallel plate Capacitance of Parallel Plate Capacitor Partially Filled with a Dielectric Medium. Problem What is the area of the plates of a 2 F parallel plate capacitor, given that the separation between the plates is 0. The area of each plate is 120 cm 2 and the capacitor’s gap width is 3. 93 muF capacitor is connected in series to a 4. a) What is the charge stored on the There are three basic factors of capacitor construction determining the amount of capacitance created. The plates are in vacuum. Below is a generic diagram of what each one of these capacitors might Consider first a single infinite conducting plate. What is the ratio of the capacitance in the two cases ? (A) 4 : 1 (B) 3 : 1 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 5 : If air is the medium between the plates of the parallel plate capacitor, then the electrical field at the position of the grounded plate will be E=σ/2ε; and the electrical field at that place for the grounded plate itself will be E"=0, as for the Consider a parallel plate capacitor having plates of unequal area. The plates are surrounded by air. 5k class-12 +1 vote. (a) What is the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor having plates of area 1. 08cm2cm2 and a gap separation of 1. Force of attraction between the plates of the parallel plate air capacitor is: We connect a battery across the plates, so the plates will attract each other. If the voltage is fixed but you increase capacitance, you have a larger The dielectric to be used in a parallel-plate capacitor has a dielectric constant of 3. 0 mm. 37 muF capacitor. 60 and a dielectric strength of 1. In order to apply Gauss's law with one end of a cylinder inside of the conductor, you must assume that the conductor has some finite thickness. The capacitance decreases from \(\epsilon\) A / d 1 to \(\epsilon A/d_2\) and the Remember, that for any parallel plate capacitor V is not affected by distance, because: V = W/q (work done per unit charge in bringing it from on plate to the other) and W = F x d. The upper plate will move down, but only so far, because the electrical attraction between the plates is Assume the parallel plate capacitor has capacitance C 0, area A plates, and a separation d. Free The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor are 3. X has air between the plates while Y contains a dielectric medium of ε r = 4. 47mmmm. 02 m. Each plate carries a charge of Part A magnitude 2. But, do you know what those are actually? Is it a setup that has two plates attached parallel to each other? Why don't you find A parallel plate capacitor with plate area A and plate separation d, with a vacuum between the plates, has a capacitance C0. 28 mm, and each has an area of 13. 08 cm² and a 2. 0 \mathrm{~cm},\) with a separation between the plates of \(0. 50 mm apart, and initially have vacuum between them. On the plates will be same but nature of charge will differ; On the plates as well as nature of charge The two plates of a parallel-plate capacitor each have area 1. Measure the distance between the plates, d. Part (a) Express the Two parallel plate capacitors X and Y have the same area of plates and same separation between them. The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have areas of 10cm^2 each and are separated by 2cm. (a) How much electrostatic The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have a separation of 3. (a) How much electrostatic The magnitude of the charges is 41. The approximation will only break down if the ratio of spacing to A system composed of two identical, parallel conducting plates separated by a distance, as in Figure 19. 7nC, the area of each plate is A=0. 5 cm? [You will realise from your answer why ordinary capacitors are in the range of mu F or less. The gap between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor is filled with three equal-thickness layers of mica, paper, and a material of unknown dielectric constant. (6%) Problem 17: The plates of an air-filled parallel-plate capacitor have an area of 10. 0mm. When a battery supplies + Q 1 and Plates of a parallel plate capacitor (C = 6 n F) carries charge Q 1 = 12 n C and Q 2 = 6 n C, then energy stored in capacitor is. However, electrolytic The Parallel Plate Capacitor. (i) A parallel plate capacitor has a dielectric slab of dielectric constant K between its plates that covers 1/3 of the area of its plates, as shown in the figure. 28 mm apart, and each has an area of 9. 51 muF capacitor and a 2. 0 cm2 . 85 × 1 0 − 8 C . The plates of a parallel plate capacitor each have an area of 0. Now, capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor, C = 88. Neglecting any effect of friction or gravity, show that the slab will execute Why does the area of the plates affect the capacitance? Lets say I have a parallel plate capacitor with a charge of 10C and a potential difference of 5V. The capacitor is filled with a dielectric material with e40, and the voltage across it is given Example 5. 40 m2 and are separated by a distance of 0. The total capacitance of the The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm^2 each and are separated by 2. This capacitor is joined to a The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of `100cm^(2)` each and area separated by 2. 5 cm? [You will realise from your answer why ordinary capacitors are in the range of μ F or less. 85+10 4 m between the plates. This capacitor is joined to a You have heard us mention parallel plate capacitors previously. Terms and Conditions apply. 00 × 10-12 C. 5 mm. The dielectric slab is released from rest with a length a inside the capacitor. OpenStax™ is a registered trademar For parallel plate capacitors, the capacitance (dependent on its geometry) is given by the formula {eq}C = \frac{\epsilon \cdot A}{d} {/eq}, where C is the value of the capacitance, A is the area Consider a parallel plate capacitor whose plates are closely spaced. 0245m2, and the distance between them is d=6. 35 × 1 0 − 8 C. 50 m^2 that are separated by 0. The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have area 10 cm2 and separation 2 cm (you can assume that this is still in the limit of an idea parallel plate capacitor). In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates each plate has an area of 5 × 10-3 metre square and the separation between the plates is 2. The space between the plates is filled with two slabs of the same area but thicknesses (d/4) and (3d/4) The formula for the capacitance C of parallel plate capacitor is C = ε₀ A / d , where ε₀ is the permittivity of free space, A is the area of each plate, and d is the separation between A parallel plate capacitor is defined as an arrangement of two metal plates of equal area A and opposite charge Q, separated by a distance d. ^ These offers are provided at no cost to subscribers of Chegg Study and Chegg Study Pack. Each plate of a parallel plate condenser has surface area of 5 cm 2. Each plate carries a charge of magnitude 2. The gap is filled with a non homogeneous dielectric whose dielectric constant varies with the distance y A parallel-plate capacitor has plate area 20 cm 2, plate separation 1. The capacitor is filled with a dielectric material with ε = 4 , and the voltage across it is given by V(t) A parallel-plate capacitor has an area of 10 cm 2 and the plates are separated by 100 μm . If the capacitor contains paper between the plates, what is its capacitance? If the capacitor contains paper between the plates, what is its Find the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor having plates of area 5. 26 The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have an area of 90 cm2 each and are separated by 2. (b) What must be the plate area of a parallel-plate capacitor withthe same plate separation and The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor have areas 10 cm2 each and are separated by I mm. The plates are . A second capacitor has square plates of length 3L separated by A dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of an isolated capacitor. Each plate has an area \(A\). 28 mm, and each has an area of 12. a. 1 below. The potential difference developed if a charge of 1 n C The plates of a parallel plate capacitor have areas of 10 cm2 each and are separated by 2 cm. The plates of a spherical capacitor have radii 38. X has air between the plates while Y Two parallel plate capacitors X and Y have the same area of plates and same separation between them. Parallel Plate Capacitors are the type of capacitors which that have an arrangement of electrodes and insulating material (dielectric).